A hydraulic mechanism uses the pressing power of oil to do so, as opposed to a mechanical brake that uses the pulling force of a cord to constrict a caliper around either a rim or a disc. For several years, technology has been strongly adopted on mountain bikes.
To control the brakes, hydraulic disks feature a closed system of hoses and reservoirs containing special hydraulic fluid. A plunger forces the fluid through the hoses when the lever is triggered and onto the caliper, where the pads are forced into the rotor, halting the bike.